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Python module for freeradius

Purpose

To allow module writers to write modules in a high-level language, for implementation or for prototyping.

Usage

Your Python file should have a number of methods named after the sections where they're called in (like authorize). The functions get a single argument: a tuple of the attributes of the request list. Those attributes are given as new tuples (size 2) with the first value the attribute name, and the second value the attribute value. An example of what you could get as input:

(('User-Name', '"bob"'), ('User-Password', '"hello"'), ('NAS-IP-Address', '127.0.1.1'))

(At the moment (version 3.0.10) all string values have extra quotes added, this might change in the future.)

There are three possible return values: None (which is the same as returning radiusd.RLM_MODULE_OK), an integer (preferable using the radiusd.RLM_MODULE_* constants) and a tuple of size 3: first element is the integer return, second argument is a tuple to update reply, third argument is a tuple to update config. Those tuples use the same format as mentioned above. It is also possible to use a tuple of size 3, the middle argument becomes the operator.

(The extra quotes are not used in the return values) (Releases before version 3.0.10 support adding the operator, but it was only supported using the integer from token.h, and many operators don't work)

Example

We will be writing a script that allows every user to login with the password "hello", and add a reply message to show the user he has been authenticated using python

Setup

Starting with a completely clean config, first enable rlm_python by creating a symlink to mods-available/python from mods-enabled/. Edit this file, make sure it has the following config:

python {
  module = example

  python_path = ${modconfdir}/${.:name}

  mod_authorize = ${.module}
  func_authorize = authorize
}

(At the moment, every function that you want to used has to be enabled manually, this might change in future version).

Next, enable python in sites-enabled/default in the section authorize. Added a line with just python between auth_log and chap. And last, ensure the file example.py is available in mods-config/python. When starting the server in debug mode and trying to authenticate using bob/hello, we'll get a failed password, but we should some lines like this in the debug logging

*** authorize ***

*** radlog call in authorize ***

(('User-Name', '"bob"'), ('User-Password', '"hello"'), ...many more attributes...)

This is the equivalent of "Hello, world" in rlm_python. The next step is making the authentication really work

Writing the code

Just a quick sidestep. To make the user authenticate with password 'Hello', we need to add the attribute Cleartext-Password with value 'Hello' to the config list. The give the user some feedback, we can add the Reply-Message attribute to the reply list.

Let's construct the reply tuples first. In the method authorize, below the line print p, add the following two lines:

reply = ( ('Reply-Message', 'Hello from rlm_python'), )
config = ( ('Cleartext-Password', 'hello'), )

If you're not used to Python: make sure you don't mess up indenting tabs and spaces in your source file, and don't omit the trailing commas (otherwise python decides to flatten the tuples).

Now we have to return these tuples to FreeRADIUS. To do that, replace the line with return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_OK with the following line:

return (radiusd.RLM_MODULE_OK, reply, config)

As discussed before: we return the status, the reply updates and the config updates. Trying again in debug mode should now add the following lines:

rlm_python:authorize: 'reply:Reply-Message' = 'Hello from rlm_python'
rlm_python:authorize: 'config:Cleartext-Password' = 'hello'

(FreeRADIUS older than version 3.0.11 shows less debug output, don't worry too much about that)

And your authentication should now be successful, with an added attribute that says hello from python.

From version 3.0.11, you can also add operators to the return tuples. To do this, use a tuple with 3 items:

reply = ( ('Tmp-String-0', ':=', 'Another hello from rlm_python'), )